Open Geospatial Consortium |
Submission Date: 2022-02-25 |
Approval Date: 2022-02-25 |
Publication Date: 2023-03-06 |
External identifier of this OGC® document: http://www.opengis.net/doc/UG/geopose-reviewers |
Internal reference number of this OGC® document: 22-000 |
Category: OGC® User Guide |
Editors: C. Perey, J.G. Morley, J. Lieberman, R. Smith, M. Salazar, C. Smyth |
OGC GeoPose Reviewers Guide |
Copyright notice |
Copyright © 2023 Open Geospatial Consortium |
To obtain additional rights of use, visit http://www.opengeospatial.org/legal/ |
Warning |
This document provides guidance for reviewers of the OGC GeoPose Candidate Standard. Throughout this document anywhere that there is a reference to the GeoPose Standard v 1.0, the reader should understand that until the OGC membership votes to approve the final standard, the GeoPose specification is a Candidate Standard.
This document is a non-normative resource and not an official position of the OGC membership. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an OGC Standard. In addition to this guide, developers, implementers and reviewers may wish to study the OGC GeoPose Users Guide. The guidance provided in this document is not to be referenced as required or mandatory technology in procurements.
Document type: OGC® User Guide |
Document subtype: |
Document stage: Approved for public release |
Document language: English |
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- 1. Introduction
- 2. Scope
- 3. Terms and Definitions
- 4. Conceptual Overview
- 5. The GeoPose Standard
- 6. OGC GeoPose in Context
- 7. Conclusion
- Annex A: Revision History
i. Abstract
The GeoPose Reviewers Guide is a public resource structured to provide quick answers to questions which a reviewer may have about the OGC GeoPose specification. This OGC document is provided to support professionals who need to understand OGC GeoPose and/or are reviewing the GeoPose draft standard but do not wish to implement it.
GeoPose 1.0 is an OGC Implementation Standard for exchanging the position and orientation (Poses) of real or virtual geometric objects within reference frames anchored to the Earth’s surface (Geo) or within other astronomical coordinate systems. The standard specifies two Basic forms with no configuration options for common use cases, an Advanced form with more flexibility for more complex applications, and five composite GeoPose structures that support time series plus chain and graph structures.
ii. Keywords
The following are keywords to be used by search engines and document catalogues.
GeoPose, ogcdoc, OGC document, OGC Implementation Standard, Geospatially-anchored position and orientation, pose, reviewers
iii. Preface
This version of the GeoPose Reviewers Guide is limited in scope to the specification for GeoPose 1.0. Content of this document will be updated when relevant information and feedback to the OGC GeoPose 1.0 is provided and the standard updated. The Open Geospatial Consortium shall not be held responsible for the accuracy or completeness of this reviewers guide.
Recipients of this document are requested to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent claims or other intellectual property rights of which they may be aware that might be infringed by any implementation of the standard set forth in this document, and to provide supporting documentation.
iv. Submitting organizations
The OGC GeoPose Standards Working Group submitted this document for publication by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
v. Submitters
The OGC GeoPose Standards Working Group submitted this document for publication by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
1. Introduction
1.1. What is GeoPose?
Conceptually, when a real or digital object’s pose is defined relative to a geographical frame of reference it will be called a "geographically-anchored pose." All physical world objects inherently have a geographically-anchored pose. Digital objects may be associated with a geographically-anchored pose (for example, in a real-world overlay or on a stage).
Specifically, the OGC GeoPose Standard defines the rules for the interoperable interchange of geographically-anchored poses. As such, the OGC GeoPose Standard defines a conceptual model, a logical model, and encodings for the position and orientation of a real or a digital object in machine-readable forms using real world coordinates.
1.2. Why Is Another Standard Needed?
A new standard is required to facilitate the seamless interchange of position and orientation information between proprietary systems and any systems that implement to existing standards. The review of standards related to GeoPose demonstrates that there are many relevant specifications and standards that could use GeoPose, but do not, themselves, provide the elements and rules necessary to share poses.
1.3. How Does OGC GeoPose Address Diverse Requirements?
The OGC GeoPose 1.0 standard defines data structures and rules for the interoperable exchange of the position and orientation (Poses) of real or virtual geometric objects within reference frames anchored to the Earth’s surface (Geo). In developing this standard, the SWG sought to use a single conceptual model to address requirements ranging from common use cases that benefit from low complexity and low optionality ("without optional parameters"), to those complex use cases needing more flexibility and extensibility.
In order to meet the wide range of requirements, the OGC GeoPose Standard specifies:
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Two basic forms with no configuration options for common use cases,
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An advanced form with more flexibility for more complex applications, and
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Five composite structures to support time series plus chain and graph structures.
OGC GeoPose 1.0 is the OGC Implementation Standard for exchanging GeoPoses.
1.4. How Was the OGC GeoPose v 1.0 Scope Defined?
While the Earth is the focus of the GeoPose 1.0, the standard could also be used in conjunction with astronomical bodies other than the Earth.
In the course of developing GeoPose v1.0, and in order to focus on the key objectives of the standard, the SWG members decided that the following considerations would be out of scope for the v1.0:
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Details of any frame transformations (e.g., the radius of the Earth),
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Differential properties (i.e., acceleration and velocity) and other physical properties of objects that could be associated with a GeoPose,
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Concepts of uncertainty (accuracy and precision),
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Camera models or view frustums,
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Scaling and other non-rigid transforms,
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Interpolation methods in case of complex targets.
While not in scope for GeoPose 1.0, any of the above could be presented in parallel with GeoPose. For example, many of the aspects which are excluded could be introduced as more properties in a schema.
1.5. Who Will Use the OGC Reviewers Guide?
The GeoPose Reviewers Guide is a resource for those who seek to understand key OGC GeoPose concepts used in OGC GeoPose, the requirements that the standard meets and the data structures the standard specifies.
The OGC intends this guide to be useful for reviewers of the standard as well as decision makers seeking to understand the relevance of this standard in their use cases.
1.6. How To Use This Resource
The GeoPose Reviewers Guide is not intended to be read from start to finish. Rather, the document is a resource structured to provide quick answers to questions which a reviewer may have about the OGC GeoPose specification. This guide is provided to support professionals who need to understand OGC GeoPose and/or are reviewing the GeoPose draft standard but do not wish or have need to implement the Standard.
In addition, this guide can provide insights to professionals considering adopting GeoPose for their projects and products.
The GeoPose Reviewers Guide contains hyperlinks which can be used to navigate directly to relevant sections of the guide as well as to sections of the GeoPose specification.
2. Scope
The GeoPose Reviewers Guide introduces the the key concepts used in the GeoPose Standard to its target audiences.
To identify broadly applicable requirements for GeoPose, the SWG solicited use cases and chose five cases that were agreed to be representative. To understand the ways in which GeoPose can be used and how it meets requirements identified, this guide can be used in conjunction with the OGC GeoPose use cases section of the Standard.
The choices of standardization targets made in the GeoPose SWG during standard development of the Standard are explained in this section of the present guide.
Finally, this guide explains how GeoPose fits in the landscape of geospatial computing. The guide compares GeoPose with approaches that have been taken in other standards for encoding geospatially-anchored position and orientation with six degrees of freedom.
3. Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following additional terms and definitions apply.
For GeoPose, specifically, the reader should consult the Conceptual Overview Section of this Guide.
2D data
Geometry of features is represented in a two-dimensional Euclidian space
NOTE In other words, the geometry of 2D data is given using (X,Y) coordinates.
[INSPIRE D2.8.III.2, definition 1]
2D geographical data
Geometry of features is represented in a two-dimensional geographical
(i.e. ellipsoidal) space using (Longitude, Latitude) coordinates.
2.5D data
Geometry of features is represented in a three-dimensional space with the constraint that for each (X,Y) position there is only one Z
[INSPIRE D2.8.III.2, definition 2]
3D data
Geometry of features is represented in a three-dimensional space.
NOTE In other words, the geometry of the data is given using (X,Y,Z) coordinates without any constraints.
[INSPIRE D2.8.III.2, definition 3]
conceptual model
Model that defines concepts of a universe of discourse
[ISO 19101-1:2014, 4.1.5]
implementation standard
Specified on the OGC Document Types Register.
4. Conceptual Overview
This glossary was originally created to facilitate the communication between GeoPose SWG members and reach a common understanding of concepts related to GeoPose. It has been integrated into this guide to provide readers with a better understanding of the conceptual foundations on which the standard is based.
The definition of each term is accompanied by a visual representation of the concept, a more general explanation and examples of how it may be applied. Additionally, the text includes hyperlinks to connect the different concepts to one another and to illustrate how they are used in other standards and real world applications.